Efficiency and Effectivity of a Biological–Epidemiological Fungal Disease Management System in Wheat—A Study of 26 Years

Foliar diseases are a major threat to worldwide wheat production, especially during the vegetative period in maritime climates. Despite advancements agronomic practices, infestations by foliar possible under favourable weather conditions, thus, fungicides essential for maintaining control. Stage-oriented applications therefore common farm practices. The optimization of fungicide use according biological–epidemiological thresholds reduces total amount used, which is political interest, European Union. Therefore, efficiency and effectivity used control six (Septoria tritici blotch, glume tans spot, powdery mildew, stripe rust, leaf rust) were analysed long-term study 26 years northern Germany conditions. Of those diseases, Septoria blotch was most dominant recurring disease, with high severity noted every year study. threshold-based disease management system compared untreated healthy-standard treatment (according growth stages). usage reduced severities significantly control, without any loss yield treatment. Thereby, two thirds stage-oriented Thus, advantages obvious, this approach will be an important tool future evaluations current